WangLu's Notes

最近需要在没有root的机器上配一个自己的编译环境，于是需要改一些环境变量，比如 CFLAGS="-I#/include" LDFLAGS="-L#/lib" PATH="#/bin" LD_LIBRARY_PATH="#/lib" LIBRARY_PATH="#/lib" MANPATH="#/man" C_INCLUDE_PATH="#/include" CPLUS_INCLUDE_PATH="#/include" PKG_CONFIG_PATH="#/lib/pkgconfig" 当然可能还需要其他的。 如果就按这么写明显有问题，比如PATH原先可能不是空的，所以应该写成PATH="#/bin:$PATH"，其他变量也类似。但是这样会有个更严重的问题，困扰了我一天。 问题出在C_INCLUDE_PATH,一般这个变量都是空的，所以按上面的方法添加自定义路径后变成了"#/include:"，而这个末尾的":"会被理解为末尾有个当前目录，即'.'，开头的':'以及中间的'::'会有同样情况。 另一方面，在使用automake编译的程序中，经常会出现-I.的编译参数，而且通常出现在最开始以保证当前目录是第一个被搜寻的路径。但是如果'.'出现了C_INCLUDE_PATH中，gcc会认为它是系统标准路径，于是命令行中的-I.会被忽略掉。这样搜索路径的顺序就改变了，就会出问题。 我是在编译binutils时发现的问题，很多目录里都有config.h，于是搜索路径的顺序很重要。 解决方法当然也很简单，就是麻烦一些，即判断一下原来的路径是否为空，避免添加多余的分隔符':'。 Recently I need to set up a development environment without root privilege, therefore I need to tweak several environment variables, for example:

1. tidy, csstidy，两个小工具，可以优化html和css 2. perl安装模块： perl -MCPAN -e shell 3. python安装模块： easy_install 或 pip 4. gcc 查看本机CPU类型 gcc -v -mtune=native 5. bash 里面二重替换变量： eval B="$"$A, 举例来说如果A=X,X=100，那么这个语句之后B=100 6. Linux From Scratch: 详解从无到有编译一套Linux，值得一看 1. tidy & csstidy: 2 small tools for optimizing html and css files 2. to install perl modules: perl -MCPAN -e shell 3. to install python modules: use easy_install or pip 4. to view how gcc detects local cpu: gcc -v -mutune=native 5. to recursively substitute variables in bash: eval B="$"$A, for example when A=X and X=100, then the previous statement results in B=100 6. Linux From Scratch: describing how to build a complete Linux from nothing, worth reading.

尽管之前杂记里提了一下，但是现在还是特别再记录一下。 其实是偶然从linuxtoy里的脚本看到了这个主题名字，感觉很漂亮。然后深入搜了一下。 这个主题对比度相对比较低，或者说亮度上的对比度比较低，而主要靠色相来提高肉眼辨识度。 另外它的一个精妙的地方在于，颜色经过精心挑选，不论是深色背景还是浅色的，前景色都能很好的显示 以下是各种链接，除了我提到了还有一些其他的（我不常用的和没听说过的） 主页： http://ethanschoonover.com/solarized 主git源: vim,emacs,mutt,gimp palette,Xresources https://github.com/altercation/solarized sigurdga的fork: gnome-terminal https://github.com/sigurdga/gnome-terminal-colors-solarized seebi的fork: dircolors, tmux https://github.com/seebi/solarized 我的fork: 256color for gnome-terminal and guake https://github.com/coolwanglu/gnome-terminal-colors-solarized 我的fork: Guake https://github.com/coolwanglu/guake-colors-solarized 说明 1. guake和gnome-terminal用的gconf类似，手工copy一下就行。不过我打算写个脚本，顺便学学git 2.terminal的主题一定要配合dircolors一起用，否则ls出来会很难看 3.vim里有多种选项可以配置主题 4. 原来gnome terminal那个是16色的port，我fork并改出一个256色的，另外加入了guake的支持 5.256色是终端不使用这个主题时的临时方法，所以我原来的理解有问题，于是分离出一个单独的guake源 Although I've already mentioned this theme in the previous misc notes, but now I've decided to introdu

我希望发邮件时显示中文名字，但是默认是名在前姓在后，修改方法: mail settings -> accounts and import -> send email as -> edit info When sending email, I want my Chinese name displayed with my email address, but by default the first name appears first, to change this: mail settings -> accounts and import -> send email as -> edit info

1. Firefox 全屏时显示地址栏和标签栏，设置browser.fullscreen.autohide=false 2. 禁用一个upstart的服务: echo "manual" >> xxx.conf，natty的upstart版本支持了override文件，于是可以 echo "manual" >> xxx.override 3. bootchart小工具可以分析开机时各程序启动，资源占用等情况，另有pybootchartgui可以将结果转换成图片查看 4. colortest 用于测试终端对颜色支持情况 5. synapse 一个 gnome-do 替代品，不依赖mono，重启compiz也不会崩溃 6. vimperator 最近又用了一下，比以往好了很多，装上以后多了各种快捷键，同时也不影响原来的界面。对gmail和google reader有冲突，之需要按一下ctrl+z 7. solarized 一个很不错的颜色主题，可以用于vim mutt terminal等等，很不错。也有对gnome-teriminal的移植，但是我这里显示效果不是很好 8. Terminus 一个很不错的终端字体，适用于小字号 1. To show the location bar and tab bar when Firefox is in fullscreen mode, set browser.fullscreen.autohide=false 2. To disable an upstart service: echo "manual" >> xxx.conf. Staring from Natty, upstart has supported the override files, so we may use: echo "manual" >> xxx.override 3. bootchart is a small tool to visualize the performance (of programs, resources) in the boot process, and pybootchartgui is availabl

早就听说过Mutt,但是之前每个教程都是大长篇的关于mutt, fetchmail/getmail, sendmail的配置，令人畏惧。 最近下决心试试这个所谓最好的邮件客户端，搜了几个教程发现sendmail不怎么要配，而mutt有收邮件功能（我只用gmail），所以只需要配mutt。 研究了两天终于配好了muttrc，而后几天慢慢研究新功能，现在基本功能都会了，确实很好用！ 我的.muttrc放在了github上 然后需要提的一些 1.取消命令需要按Ctrl+g 2.默认w3m不能很好的识别编码，解决方法是在~/.mailcap里加入一行 text/html; /usr/bin/w3m -I %{charset} -dump -T text/html '%s'; copiousoutput; description=HTML Text; nametemplate=%s.html 注意"-I %{charset}"这个参数 3.需要用smime_keys init建立需要的有关smime证书的目录，然后信任的根证书放在mutt的变量smime_ca_location里。我放到了~/.smime/ca-bundle.crt 4.mailto的配置，gnome有个小bug，preferred application选了mutt后不能默认勾上run in terminal，导致mutt不能正常运行。解决办法就是选custom，勾上run in terminal再选mutt 5.搜到了muttator，里面说mutt如何如何不好，呵呵。这个thunderbird插件也挺有趣的，回头再看看。 6.在全屏的guake里开一个tmux，然后再在tmux里开mutt，太爽了。 最后是一些link 关于muttrc配置 /usr/share/doc/mutt/* http://crunchbanglinux.org/wiki/howto/howto_setup_mutt_with_gmail_imap http://wiki.muttqq:s.org/?UserStory/GMailOverIMAP https://github.com/redondos/mutt http://therandymon.com/woodnotes/mutt/usi

如下Latex代码编译会出错： \begin{eqnarray} a &=& b \\ [a] &=& [b] \\ \end{eqnarray} 原因是[a]被识别成了\\后跟的长度，于是报错，于是需要把[转义，写成{[}就好了。 The following Latex code won't compile: \begin{eqnarray} a &=& b \\ [a] &=& [b] \\ \end{eqnarray} and the reason is that [a] is recognized as the length parameter of \\. So [ should be escaped, if written as {[} there won't be error any more.

经常换鼠标主题，经常好奇的看看里面内容，然后经常发现里面诡异的名字，比如这个:'00008160000006810000408080010102' 一直找不到这种名字的命名规范，最近要做一个主题转换脚本，于是仔细搜了一下。在 http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Artwork/EchoCursors/NamingSpec 找到了结果。里面之说说这些是hash，也没说是个怎样的历史缘由。 I used to change mouse cursor theme, and often I would like to peek at the contents in the packages. Well I always see weird names such as '00008160000006810000408080010102'. I've got no idea about this kind of names. Recently as I'm making a cursor theme converter, I googled for a while, then found something useful at: http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Artwork/EchoCursors/NamingSpec It says these names are hashes, but the reasons are not mentioned.

1. compiz 可以用alt+中键调整窗口大小，特别适合用窄边框的我，在也不用在那一个像素周围纠结了。 2. 软件 auto-apt， 可以自动安装 ./configure 报出的缺失的依赖包 3. 软件 simple-ccsm, 调节compiz特效一步到位，省时省力 1. In compiz, we can adjust the size of the windows by pressing alt+ , which is quite suitable for people like me who are using thin window borders. Now I'm free from struggling at that 1 pixel. 2. The software 'auto-apt' can install those missing packages reported by ./configure 3. The software 'simple-ccsm' can set the effects of compiz within one-click.

// 原文链接： http://blogs.msdn.com/b/oldnewthing/archive/2006/05/23/604741.aspx // 解决困扰我好久的问题 :) In e-mail from Microsoft employees, you may find a stray J like this one at the end of a message from Rico Mariani . Some of you might see it; others might not. What's the deal with the J? The J started out its life as a smiley-face. The WingDings font puts a smiley face where the letter J goes. Here, let me try: J results in J . As the message travels from machine to machine, the font formatting may get lost or mangled, resulting in the letter J appearing when a smiley face was intended. (Note that this is not the same as the smiling face incorporated into Unicode as U+263A, which looks like this: ☺. Some of you might see it; others might not.) I recall a story (possibly apocryphal) of somebody who regularly exchanged a lot of e-mail with Microsoft employees and who as a result started signing their own messages with a J, figuring this was some sort of Microsoft slang. The Microso

Green Apparatus 是一个经典的 CursorXP 鼠标主题，有这很有创意的动画和很棒的美工。虽然 CursorXP 是给 Windows 的，但是网上有个 sd2xc 脚本可以把 CursorXP 主题转换成 X11 主题，很不错。 但是 Green Apparatus 转换后，等待的指针动画有问题，很多人也在抱怨。 很久以前我就在用这个主题了，当时从 http://d.hatena.ne.jp/tksmashiw/20080421 找到了解法。最近又想折腾，想起了这个主题和这个网站，看到这个网站很久没更新了，就转过来吧。 主要步骤是 把GreenApparatus.CurXPTheme解压（就是zip） 修改scheme.ini，找到[Wait]段，修改第二行为Frames=107然后[Wait_Script]段第二行改成27-107,40 而后重新打包，再用sd2xc转换就没问题了。 再次感谢原作者。 Green Apparatus is a great CursorXP theme, the artwork is awesome and the animation is creative. Although CursofXP is for Windows only, there has been a script called sd2xc which can convert them into X11 themes. However there's a problem, that the animatino of the wait cursor does not work well, many people had been complaining about this. I used this theme long before, I found the fix at http://d.hatena.ne.jp/tksmashiw/20080421. Recently I want to tweak my machine again, and I remembered this theme and that website. I found that web site had not been updated for a long ti