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Showing posts with the label NixOS

Disposable VMs for Home Lab Security and Reproducibility

Today, various services (native, LXC, Docker) are running on my server. I'm mostly happy with the setup, but I decided to revisit my server's defenses under the assumption that a remote attacker or malicious code could compromise my services. A service might break out of its container or even gain root privilege. VMs are a better security boundary than containers; they can limit the damage if an attacker gains root privilege. I cannot afford to run a dedicated VM for each service, so I will need to carefully group the services and run a dedicated VM for each group. Each group should be carefully designed based on the data accessed and the features/capabilities required. For example, some VMs may have access to my photos, while others may not have network access. The Goal There are two particular issues I want to address: First, I want VM images to be easily reproducible, which makes backup and restore trivial. NixOS and GNU Guix System are great examples, where you only need to...

Exploring Immutable Distros and Declarative Management

My current server setup, based on Debian Stable and Docker, has served me reliably for years. It's stable, familiar, and gets the job done. However, an intriguing article I revisited recently about Fedora CoreOS, rpm-ostree, and OSTree native containers sparked my curiosity and sent me down a rabbit hole exploring alternative approaches to system management. Could there be a better way? Core Goals & Requirements Before diving into new technologies, I wanted to define what "better" means for my use case: The base operating system must update automatically and reliably. Hosted services (applications) should be updatable either automatically or manually, depending on the service. Configuration and data files need to be easy to modify, and crucially, automatically tracked and backed up. Current Setup: Debian Stable + Docker My current infrastructure consists of several servers, all running Debian Stable. System Updates are andled automatically via unattended-upgrades. Se...

[Updated] Failed Attempt: NixOS in LXC

[Updates: 2024-10-21] I found a working solution: - Disable sandboxing in configuration.nix - Build a tarball image using `nixos-generator -f lxc` - Create an LXC container with `lxc-create -t none` - Modify the config of the LXC container (e.g. specify rootfs path, set unconfined AppArmor) - Create the rootfs directory and remove all POSIX ACL (setfacl --remove-all) - Extract the tarball into rootfs/ I planned to try NixOS in LXC. I have found a few successfull stories: 1 , 2, 3 . However they are all using Proxmox LXC, and/or the image file is for LXD. First, I tried to download the official image via lxc-create. The image can boot, but I have trouble running `nix-channel --update`, which complains about sandboxing. I think it's related to unprivileged LXC containers. Further, as part of the nice feature of NixOS, I cannot easily disable sandbox from there. Second, I tried to build a NixOS image from scratch, using nixos-generators. This is mentioned in the 3rd link above. This ...